Solomon (Shloyme) Mikhoels was a
Soviet Jewish actor and the artistic director of the Moscow State Jewish
Theater. Mikhoels served as the chairman of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee
during the Second World War. However, as Joseph Stalin pursued an increasingly
anti-Semitic line after the War, Mikhoels' position as a leader of the Jewish
community led to increasing persecution from the Soviet state. In 1948,
Mikhoels was murdered on the orders of Stalin and his body was run over to
create the impression of a traffic accident
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